HƯỚNG DẪN CÁCH LÀM IELTS WRITING TASK 2 PROBLEM AND SOLUTION CHI TIẾT TỪ A-Z

1. Giới thiệu chung

Trong IELTS Writing Task 2, dạng Problem and Solution yêu cầu:

Nêu vấn đề chính của một hiện tượng.
Phân tích nguyên nhân/ảnh hưởng.
Đề xuất giải pháp khả thi.

📌 Chủ đề thường gặp: môi trường, xã hội, giáo dục, công nghệ.

Ví dụ đề bài:
In many countries, plastic containers have become more common than ever. What problems are caused by this? What solutions can you suggest?

2. Cấu trúc bài viết Problem and Solution

Một bài chuẩn band 7.0+ thường gồm 4 đoạn:

Introduction – Giới thiệu vấn đề, paraphrase đề, viết thesis statement.
Body 1 (Problems) – Nêu 1–2 vấn đề + nguyên nhân/ảnh hưởng.
Body 2 (Solutions) – Đưa ra 1–2 giải pháp hợp lý, khả thi.
Conclusion – Tóm tắt, nhấn mạnh giải pháp.

📌 Mẫu câu mở đầu (Introduction):
Plastic containers are now widely used in many parts of the world. This trend leads to several serious environmental problems, but there are a number of measures that governments and individuals can take to address these issues.

3. Từ vựng & cấu trúc hữu ích

🔹 Từ nối (linking words):

Nguyên nhân: because of, due to, as a result of, caused by
Giải pháp: one possible solution is, to tackle this issue, an effective measure would be
Kết luận: in conclusion, to sum up, overall

🔹 Cấu trúc câu nâng điểm:

One major problem caused by … is that …
This can be addressed by implementing …
If governments took action, the situation could be improved.

🔹 Từ vựng học thuật:

environmental degradation, non-biodegradable, microplastics
implement policies, raise public awareness, sustainable alternatives
mitigate the impact, tackle the root cause, long-term solution

4. Bài mẫu IELTS Writing Task 2 – Problem and Solution

Đề bài:
In many countries, plastic containers have become more common than ever. What problems are caused by this? What solutions can you suggest?

Sample Essay (Band 7.5+):

Sample Essay:

Introduction
In recent years, the use of plastic containers has increased significantly in many countries. This trend causes various environmental and health-related issues. However, there are several actions that can be taken to mitigate these problems.

Body Paragraph 1 – Problems
One major problem associated with plastic containers is environmental pollution. Most plastics are non-biodegradable, meaning they can persist in the environment for hundreds of years. This leads to serious consequences for wildlife, as animals may ingest or become entangled in plastic waste. Another concern is that plastic production relies heavily on fossil fuels, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. Furthermore, microplastics from degraded containers can enter the food chain, potentially harming human health.

Body Paragraph 2 – Solutions
To address these issues, governments should implement strict regulations on the use of single-use plastics. For example, introducing higher taxes on plastic packaging could discourage both manufacturers and consumers from relying on them. Additionally, promoting the use of biodegradable or reusable alternatives, such as glass or metal containers, can significantly reduce plastic waste. Public awareness campaigns are also essential, as educating people about the harmful effects of plastic pollution can encourage more environmentally friendly habits.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the widespread use of plastic containers results in severe environmental and health problems. By enforcing stricter laws, promoting sustainable alternatives, and raising public awareness, both authorities and individuals can work together to solve these issues.

5. Phân tích bài mẫu

Task Response: Trả lời đầy đủ cả 2 phần (problems + solutions).
Coherence & Cohesion: Các đoạn liên kết logic, có từ nối hợp lý.
Lexical Resource: Từ vựng học thuật phong phú (non-biodegradable, mitigate, sustainable alternatives).
Grammatical Range & Accuracy: Sử dụng câu phức, điều kiện, bị động linh hoạt.

6. Kết luận

Dạng IELTS Writing Task 2 Problem and Solution là cơ hội để bạn thể hiện tư duy logic và khả năng đề xuất giải pháp.
👉 Muốn đạt band 7.0+: